Almost every second man faces prostatitis at different ages. This disease is associated with an inflammatory process in the prostate gland, which can be caused by a stagnant process in the pelvic region, various infections. In the case when the analysis results show the presence of pathogens in the bile of the prostate gland, the doctor diagnoses bacterial prostatitis. Why does the disease develop and how is it treated?
Reason
Based on the name, it is clear that the main reason for the development of the disease is the entry of bacteria into the prostate gland. Pathogens can be:
- Intestinal tract and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Staphylococcus aureus.
- Enterococcus.
- Klebsiella.
- Enterobacter.
- Proteus.
- Sexually transmitted diseases.
Many pathogenic microorganisms are always in the human body without harming it. However, when conditions are favorable, the foci of infection begin to actively develop and cause disease. Conditions favorable for bacteria include:
- Urinary tract diseases.
- Bacterial infections develop in the body and can enter the prostate gland through the blood or lymph fluid.
- Phimosis of the prostate gland.
- Epididymitis.
- Urethral canal.
- Reflux (intracervical or urethral stricture), when pathogenic organisms enter the prostate gland.
- Infusion operations were performed without prior antibiotic therapy.
- Violation of urination due to abnormal structure of the bladder.
- Conditions associated with decreased immune defenses (AIDS, diabetes, hemodialysis procedures).
When bacteria enter the area of the prostate gland, pathogenic microflora begins to actively develop, and inflammatory processes appear in this organ.
Risk factors that increase your chances of developing prostatitis include:
- Frequent diseases of the genitourinary system of an infectious nature.
- Presence of infection with helminths and other parasites.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Incomplete or untimely bladder emptying.
- Hypothermia.
- Urethral irritation with chemicals.
- Promiscuous sex life, lack of contraception.
The main causes of the development of prostatitis
- Abstain from prolonged sexual intercourse.
- The presence of bad habits.
- Weakened immunity.
- Inappropriate nutrition.
- Dehydration of the body.
- A sedentary lifestyle, which leads to the appearance of stagnant processes in the pelvic region.
- Frequent stressful situations.
Symptom
It is simply impossible not to notice the symptoms of bacterial prostatitis, since this form of the disease begins acutely. Patients are concerned about:
- Increased body temperature, accompanied by chills.
- Pain in the perineum, lower abdomen, and lower back.
- Painful urination. Patients report pain and burning sensation in the urethra, especially at night.
- Difficulty urinating, feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
- Constipation may be caused by an inflamed prostate gland pressing on the anus.
- Signs of intoxication (headache, weakness, body aches).
- Excreted from the urethra.
Symptoms also vary depending on the stage of bacterial prostatitis:
- In the early stages of the disease, the inflammation has not spread outside the prostate gland. A man is concerned about soreness in the perineum, which may spread to the sacral region. Urinating very quickly and painfully.
- In the second stage, the inflammation spreads to the lobules of the prostate gland. In this case, the pain increases and can be passed through the anus. Urination is significantly impaired, until it is completely maintained.
- With an advanced form of bacterial prostatitis, the inflammation spreads to all lobes of the prostate gland. The patient complains of general signs of intoxication of the body. Body temperature rises to 40 degrees. Delayed urination becomes acute. There are fluttering sensations in the perineum. Frequent constipation.
Possible complications
In the case of untimely or poor-quality treatment, acute bacterial prostatitis can seriously harm a man's health and life. The most dangerous of them is sepsis.
Alternatively, the infection can get above the prostate and lead to pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Bacterial prostatitis can turn into a chronic form, the treatment is often difficult and easily leads to complications such as adenoma, infertility, impotence, . . . .
Diagnose
Because bacterial prostatitis has characteristic symptoms, it's usually fairly easy to diagnose. If the disease is not acute, the doctor will conduct a rectal examination by probing the exposed area and taking a sample of the discharge for analysis. The following studies help with the diagnosis:
- Clinical and bacteriological analysis of the patient's blood and urine.
- Prostate ultrasound.
- PSA of blood.
- Analysis of epithelium scraping from the urethra.
Treatment
The danger of bacterial prostatitis is that it has the potential to become chronic in the shortest possible time. Therefore, it is important to start treatment when the first signs of the disease are identified. After all, the chronic form of the disease contributes to the spread of the inflammatory process to surrounding tissues and organs. If you skip treatment and don't take certain medications, your prostate can completely atrophy.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis. Only a doctor can recommend this or that medicine after a microbiological examination and results have been obtained.
Treatment with antibacterial drugs is considered most appropriate given the bacterial nature of the disease. Due to the fact that antibiotics can make organ tissues permeable, the drug can freely penetrate the site of inflammation.
In the treatment of bacterial prostatitis, the following antibiotics are prescribed:
- Ampicillin.
- Macrolide preparations are quite effective against many pathogens.
- Drugs belonging to the cephalosporin group are effective in the acute phase of the disease.
- Fluoroquinolones are very sensitive to many bacteria. Due to the fact that these drugs have a large number of side effects, they are prescribed with caution.
- Tetracyclines can be difficult to tolerate, so they are very rarely prescribed lately.
The course of antibiotic treatment cannot be less than 10 days.
In addition, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for treatment. They effectively relieve pain and inflammation of the prostate gland.
If problems with urination are observed, the patient is prescribed an alpha blocker, which leads to a reduction in the smooth muscle tension of the urethra and bladder.
Often, bacterial prostatitis is accompanied by depression and frequent mood swings. In such cases, the doctor recommends the use of drugs with a sedative effect.
If the disease is severe, the patient should be treated with detoxification, including intravenous glucose, saline solution with trace elements and vitamin complexes. It is important for a man to stick to the drinking regimen and drink at least 2 liters of clean water every day.
The drug regimen for the treatment of prostatitis should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the pelvic region and increasing the body's defenses. To do this, use:
- Vitamin and mineral complex.
- Antispasmodics.
- Immunosuppressive drugs.
- Biology products.
In addition to medication, the doctor will recommend performing microsurgery with a decoction of medicinal herbs (chamomile, calendula). The use of topical preparations should be strictly limited in the case of bacterial prostatitis, since there is a high risk of various complications.
After eliminating the inflammatory process, the patient is prescribed physiotherapy (electrical stimulation of the prostate gland, magnetic therapy, etc. ). They help speed recovery and are done on an outpatient basis.
In severe cases, when medication does not bring the desired results, the doctor may decide to have surgery. One such intervention involves removal of the prostate gland and is often performed in older men. Young people are not indicated for such treatment due to possible complications (bedwetting, impotence, infertility).
If bacterial prostatitis becomes chronic, it can be difficult to treat. It must be remembered that it is no longer possible to do this at home.
Precautions
The best prevention of bacterial prostatitis is an active lifestyle. This is because the gland itself is poorly supplied with blood. So sedentary people need regular breaks to get around a bit or do special exercises (anal pulls).
A contrast shower gives a good effect. In this case, a stream of water is directed to the perineal area. Time to use warm (hot) water is 30 seconds, cold water - no more than 15 seconds. The average duration of the procedure should be 5 minutes.
Preventive measures also include:
- Avoid hypothermia.
- Anti-constipation. If it does not go away on its own, you need to see a doctor, they will advise mild laxatives.
- Normalization of sexual activity (choosing a long-term partner, using condoms in case of suspected contact, avoiding prolonged absences or overly active sex).
- Routine preventive screening by a urologist for all men over 40-45 years of age.
Forecast
What are the consequences of bacterial prostatitis in men? The success of treatment depends on how timely and effective it is. In addition, this is influenced by age, lifestyle, stage of the disease and the presence of other diseases in the body.
The acute phase responded well to drug treatment, after a few days the man's condition improved significantly. But if treatment is improper or interrupted, it is possible to recur and turn prostatitis chronic, which becomes much more difficult to cure.
To avoid the unpleasant consequences of bacterial prostatitis, it is important for men to monitor their health, take preventive measures, and in case of discomfort in the area. perineum, consult your doctor.